How does the identification of cultural universals impact our understanding of what it means to be human?

How does the identification of cultural universals impact our
understanding of what it means to be human? How does the search for
universals help us better understand human cultural behavior? What
examples from your own culture can illustrate the ideas that our
behaviors are impacted by our culture more than our biology?
There are two main approaches to the practice of anthropology:
ethnography and ethnology (Nowak and Laird, 2010, 28). First define
each in your own words.  Next, imagine you
are a cultural anthropologist studying any culture or cultures that
you are interested in. Which approach would you use in your study
and why? What methods would you use to gather your data? What
potential issues may you face while conducting your fieldwork and
how would you deal with them?

Gender and Economy

Using Chapters Three and Four of the textbook as your guide,
discuss the following:

The role of women in foraging and horticultural based
societies
How a woman’s status is impacted by her participation in food
procurement
How a woman’s status in these societies, compares to that of
women in American society today

Exchange System

Using Chapters Three and Four of the textbook as your guide,
address the following:

Identify and explain the major forms of reciprocity found in
both Foraging and Horticultural societies
and provide examples regarding how they
impact the level of conflict found in these societies.
Consider the use of reciprocity in your own life and comment on
its impact on the level of conflict/divisions in your own