Psychopharmacologic Approaches to Treatment of Psychopathology – Solved Assignment

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Short Answer Assessment

Psychopharmacologic Approaches to Treatment of Psychopathology

Assignment: Short Answer Assessment

1. In 4 or 5 sentences, describe the anatomy of the basic unit of the nervous system, the neuron. Include each part of the neuron and a general overview of electrical impulse conduction, the pathway it travels, and the net result at the impulse’s termination. Be specific and provide examples.

A neuron has three main parts (Lodish & Zipursky, 2001): (1) Dendrites, which are root-like structure branching out from the cell body that receives and process signals from other neurons’ axons. (2) An axon is a tail-like structure joining the cell body at axon hillock and conducts electrical signals from cell body/dendrites of other cells to structures at the opposite end of the neuron. (3)The Soma, which is a trunk-like structure where the nucleus lies and proteins are made, thus, carries genetic material, preserves the structure of the neuron, and provides energy for activity. A change in a neuron’s electric potential causes a surge of ions into and out of the neural membrane via a gap junction, resulting in electrical signals.(Psychopharmacologic Approaches to Treatment of Psychopathology) As you continue, premiumacademicaffiates.com has the top and most qualified writers to help with any of your assignments. All you need to do is place an order with us. (Psychopharmacologic Approaches to Treatment of Psychopathology)

1. Answer the following (listing is acceptable for these questions):

1. What are the major components that make up the subcortical structures?

Answer

1. Diencephalon,
2. Pituitary gland

• Limbic structures

1. The basal ganglia
   1. Which component plays a role in learning, memory, and addiction?

Answer

1. Basal ganglia.
   1. What are the two key neurotransmitters located in the nigra striatal region of the brain that play a major role in motor control?

Answer

1. Dopamine
2. Norepinephrine

1. In 3 or 4 sentences, explain how glia cells function in the central nervous system. Be specific and provide examples.

Glia cells keep neurons in place by surrounding them, guiding their growth, and buffering ions and chemicals that could damage them (Falk & Götz, 2017). This enables glia cells to provide nutrition, insulation, and the elimination of pathogenic and dead neurons from the central nervous system. The type of glia cells in the CNS is called oligodendrocytes, which form the myelin sheath.(Psychopharmacologic Approaches to Treatment of Psychopathology)

4. The synapse is an area between two neurons that allows for chemical communication. In 3 or 4 sentences, explain what part of the neurons are communicating with each other and in which direction does this communication occurs? Be specific.

Communication in the synapse occurs between the presynaptic axon and the postsynaptic dendrite (Wild et al., 2019). Upon reaching the presynaptic terminal, an action potential causes the release of neurotransmitters from a neuron into the synapse. From a presynaptic terminal, the transmitter crosses the synaptic cleft and binds to receptors on the postsynaptic side of another neuron’s neurotransmitter. When the transmitter binds to the postsynaptic receptor, an electrical signal is converted into a chemical signal inside the synapse.(Psychopharmacologic Approaches to Treatment of Psychopathology) As you continue, premiumacademicaffiates.com has the top and most qualified writers to help with any of your assignments. All you need to do is place an order with us. (Psychopharmacologic Approaches to Treatment of Psychopathology)

5. In 3–5 sentences, explain the concept of “neuroplasticity.” Be specific and provide examples.

The term neuroplasticity is a concept used to refer to the brain’s capability to modify and adapt from experience (Demarin & Morović, 2014). The two main types of neuroplasticity include functional plasticity, which is the brain’s capability to transfer functions from a ruined to healthy regions, and structural plasticity, which refers to brain’s capability to alter its physical structure through learning. An example is the visuospatial ability to locate objects during navigation. References Demarin, V., & Morović, S. (2014). Neuroplasticity. Periodicum biologorum, 116(2), 209-211. https://hrcak.srce.hr/126369 Falk, S., & Götz, M. (2017). Glial control of neurogenesis. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 47, 188–195. https://doi.10.1016/j.conb.2017.10.025  (Psychopharmacologic Approaches to Treatment of Psychopathology) Lodish, H., & Zipursky, S. L. (2001). Molecular cell biology. Biochem Mol Biol Educ, 29, 126-133. Wild, A. R., Sinnen, B. L., Dittmer, P. J., Kennedy, M. J., Sather, W. A., & Dell’Acqua, M. L. (2019). Synapse-to-Nucleus communication through NFAT is mediated by L-type Ca2+ Channel Ca2+ Spike Propagation to the Soma. Cell reports, 26(13), 3537-3550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2019.03.005(Psychopharmacologic Approaches to Treatment of Psychopathology)

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