Short Answer Assessment Questions and Answers for Nursing Students

Short Answer Assessment Questions and Answers for Nursing Students

NURS 6630 Week 1 Assignment Short Answer Assessment

Address the following Short Answer prompts for your Assignment. Be sure to include references to the Learning Resources for this week.

1. In 4 or 5 sentences, describe the anatomy of the basic unit of the nervous system, the neuron. Include each part of the neuron and a general overview of electrical impulse conduction, the pathway it travels, and the net result at the termination of the impulse. Be specific and provide examples.(Short Answer Assessment Questions and Answers for Nursing Students)
2. Answer the following (listing is acceptable for these questions):
   • What are the major components that make up the subcortical structures?
   • Which component plays a role in learning, memory, and addiction?
   • What are the two key neurotransmitters located in the nigra striatal region of the brain that play a major role in motor control? (NURS 6630 Week 1 Assignment Short Answer Assessment, describe the anatomy of the basic unit of the nervous system, the neuron and explain how glia cells function in the central nervous system)
3. In 3 or 4 sentences, explain how glia cells function in the central nervous system. Be specific and provide examples.
4. The synapse is an area between two neurons that allows for chemical communication. In 3 or 4 sentences, explain what part of the neurons are communicating with each other and in which direction does this communication occur? Be specific.(Short Answer Assessment Questions and Answers for Nursing Students)
5. In 3–5 sentences, explain the concept of “neuroplasticity.” Be specific and provide examples.

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In 4 or 5 sentences describe the anatomy of the basic unit of the nervous system the neuron Include each part of the neuron and a general overview of electrical impulse conduction the pathway it travels and the net result at the termination of the impulse

NURS 6630 Week 1 Assignment Short Answer Assessment, describe the anatomy of the basic unit of the nervous system, the neuron and explain how glia cells function in the central nervous system

Assignment: Short Answer Assessment

In 4 or 5 sentences, describe the anatomy of the basic unit of the nervous system, the neuron. Include each part of the neuron and a general overview of electrical impulse conduction, the pathway it travels, and the net result at the impulse’s termination. Be specific and provide examples.

A neuron has three main parts (Lodish & Zipursky, 2001): (1) Dendrites, which are root-like structure branching out from the cell body that receives and process signals from other neurons’ axons. (2) An axon is a tail-like structure joining the cell body at axon hillock and conducts electrical signals from cell body/dendrites of other cells to structures at the opposite end of the neuron. (3)The Soma, which is a trunk-like structure where the nucleus lies and proteins are made, thus, carries genetic material, preserves the structure of the neuron, and provides energy for activity. A change in a neuron’s electric potential causes a surge of ions into and out of the neural membrane via a gap junction, resulting in electrical signals.(Short Answer Assessment Questions and Answers for Nursing Students)

Answer the following (listing is acceptable for these questions):

What are the major components that make up the subcortical structures?

Answer
i. Diencephalon,
ii. Pituitary gland
iii. Limbic structures
iv. The basal ganglia

Which component plays a role in learning, memory, and addiction?
Answer

i. Basal ganglia.

What are the two key neurotransmitters located in the nigra striatal region of the brain that play a major role in motor control? Answer

i. Dopamine
ii. Norepinephrine

In 3 or 4 sentences, explain how glia cells function in the central nervous system. Be specific and provide examples.

Glia cells keep neurons in place by surrounding them, guiding their growth, and buffering ions and chemicals that could damage them (Falk & Götz, 2017). This enables glia cells to provide nutrition, insulation, and the elimination of pathogenic and dead neurons from the central nervous system. The type of glia cells in the CNS is called oligodendrocytes, which form the myelin sheath.(Short Answer Assessment Questions and Answers for Nursing Students)

The synapse is an area between two neurons that allows for chemical communication. In 3 or 4 sentences, explain what part of the neurons are communicating with each other and in which direction does this communication occurs? Be specific.
Communication in the synapse occurs between the presynaptic axon and the postsynaptic dendrite (Wild et al., 2019). Upon reaching the presynaptic terminal, an action potential causes the release of neurotransmitters from a neuron into the synapse. From a presynaptic terminal, the transmitter crosses the synaptic cleft and binds to receptors on the postsynaptic side of another neuron’s neurotransmitter. When the transmitter binds to the postsynaptic receptor, an electrical signal is converted into a chemical signal inside the synapse.(Short Answer Assessment Questions and Answers for Nursing Students)

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In 3–5 sentences, explain the concept of “neuroplasticity.” Be specific and provide examples.

The term neuroplasticity is a concept used to refer to the brain’s capability to modify and adapt from experience (Demarin & Morović, 2014). The two main types of neuroplasticity include functional plasticity, which is the brain’s capability to transfer functions from ruined to healthy regions, and structural plasticity, which refers to the brain’s capability to alter its physical structure through learning. An example is a visuospatial ability to locate objects during navigation.

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References
Demarin, V., & Morović, S. (2014). Neuroplasticity. Periodicum biologorum, 116(2), 209-211. https://hrcak.srce.hr/126369
Falk, S., & Götz, M. (2017). Glial control of neurogenesis. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 47, 188–195. https://doi.10.1016/j.conb.2017.10.025
Lodish, H., & Zipursky, S. L. (2001). Molecular cell biology. Biochem Mol Biol Educ, 29, 126-133.
Wild, A. R., Sinnen, B. L., Dittmer, P. J., Kennedy, M. J., Sather, W. A., & Dell’Acqua, M. L. (2019). Synapse-to-Nucleus communication through NFAT is mediated by L-type Ca2+ Channel Ca2+ Spike Propagation to the Soma. Cell reports, 26(13), 3537-3550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2019.03.005

NURS 6630 Week 1 Assignment Short Answer Assessment, describe the anatomy of the basic unit of the nervous system, the neuron and explain how glia cells function in the central nervous system

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