Tina Jones Individualized Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Plan of Care
Introduction
Care plans communicate and organize individualized actions for a patient enabling continuity of care. It is imperative to formulate an individualized plan of nursing care that concentrates on Tina’s personalized health promotion and disease prevention needs. To achieve the goal, the plan factors in details from Tina’s health history, genogram, and assessment to formulate a nursing care plan.(Tina Jones Individualized Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Plan of Care)
Tina’s Individualized Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Plan of Care
Demographics
The patient is a 28-year-old of African – American woman who is not married and presents for a pre-employment physical examination. Her new employer is desirous of having a recent physical exam for the health insurance(Tina Jones Individualized Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Plan of Care)
Education level (health literacy)
Tina Jones’s health maintenance practices are up to date with recent tests for HIV/AIDS test; plan to use a condom in sexual encounters, regular Pap smear, eye, and dental exam being up-to-date. Other measures include having smoke detectors at home, strap the seatbelt while driving, and use sunscreens. However, her health maintenance approaches should consist of more self-care activities meat to manage her existing chronic diseases; namely, asthma, which was diagnosed in childhood, Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) diagnosed at 24 years as well as hypertension. While at the moment the patient has no issues with using medication therapy and non-pharmacological interventions like exercises and diet, there is a need for her to keep herself updated on the emerging treatment and management options (ADA, 2019).(Tina Jones Individualized Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Plan of Care)
Access to health care
With advancing age, she should also consider other types of cancer tests like a mammogram for breast cancer. The patient needs to maintain her regular medical checkup visits and always keep her physician updated on any emerging health issues, especially concerning drug interactions, considering the cocktail of medications she has to take daily.
Insurance/Financial status
Using the individualized nursing care planning entails outlining strategies to engage the patient, conduct current health assessment and health risk assessment. Both patient and provider goals are SMART – based so that there are effective care coordination and tracking. The patient’s health insurance status is up to date since she is informal employment. Medicare Part B, which deals with Medical insurance and Medicare Part D (covering prescription drug coverage), means the patient can afford the anti-diabetic drugs. Tina Jones is also in steady employment and, therefore, can provide any medication while meeting all the other out of pocket expenses like coinsurance and copayment expenses required to make the personalized nursing care plan a success (Dall et al., 2016). (Tina Jones Individualized Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Plan of Care)
Screening/Risk Assessment
Tina’s diagnosis of having polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) means she is likely to have difficulties should she decide to have a child of her own. As such, the care plan involves strategies that will optimize her preconception period health. At the same time, a multi-faceted approach including but not limited to lifestyle modification and pharmacological treatment (Holton, Hammarberg & Johnson, 2018). Furthermore, the patient is advised to keep away from allergens like dust and pets to avoid asthma exacerbations. (Tina Jones Individualized Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Plan of Care)
Nutrition/Activity
Dietary planning and regular exercises are also to continue to manage her T2DM and hypertension as well. The T2DM friendly meals entail packing in more vegetables and fruits while also eating something every morning. The meal plan also includes fiber, and considering Patient Tina Jones is a small woman; the target is to have 1200 to 1600 calories daily. Asif (2014) also recommends that T2DM patients with comorbidities should also stay active. The care plan recommends having 30 minutes of physical activities a minimum of five days every week. (Tina Jones Individualized Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Plan of Care)
Social Support
According to Rakinson, Pillay & Sibanda (2017), individuals like Tina jones living with dT2DM, hypertension, and asthma since all three impose a lifelong psychological burden on both the patient and their significant others who in this case happens to be her male partner. Current studies indicate that social support plays a vital role in the effective management of these conditions. Therefore, the ongoing care plan advises Tina to join a social support group and also include the male partner in the current care plan. Tina should also use diabetes supplies availed through Part D of her medical cover.(Tina Jones Individualized Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Plan of Care)
Health Maintenance
Considering that the patient is a young adult woman diagnosed with PCOS, regular screenings for some types of cancer like breast, liver, pancreas, and endometrium, among others, is recommended for this patient. ADA (2019) notes that diabetes is closely linked to increased risk of some types of .cancers. (Tina Jones Individualized Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Plan of Care)
Patient Education
The last component is the development of a diabetes self- management patient education. Chrivala, Sherr & Lipman (2016) note that more than half of diabetic patients do not meet and sustain the recommended target of less than 7% for glycated hemoglobin. At the same, only about 14% achieve the goal of non-smoking, low-density lipoprotein, and blood pressure. Therefore this care plan has a DSME intervention component meant to address this anomaly. Other studies have also determined that hypertension and T2DM can themselves be a risk factor for developing asthma (Lee & Lee, 2019). However, this is not the case with Patient Tina since has asthma was diagnosed at the age of two and a half years. Patient education addresses critical elements of diabetes like types, medication, risk factors, complications if poorly managed, and both pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies. Emphasis is placed on the role of diet and physical exercises as well as adhering to the prescribed medications.(Tina Jones Individualized Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Plan of Care)
Conclusion
In conclusion, this essay has established the need to shift from the traditional medical evaluation of T2DM and comorbidities, which involved a chief complaint, history of illness, past medical history, and both family and social history. Also included in the traditional evaluation are diagnostic tests followed by assessment before a care plan can be developed. The current evidence-based care plan entails patient engagement, ongoing health assessment, a health risk assessment, then patient goals, and provider goals. The individualized plan then outlines a therapeutic strategy, coordination of care, and finally, tracking.(Tina Jones Individualized Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Plan of Care)
References
American Diabetes Association. (2019). 4. Comprehensive medical evaluation and assessment of comorbidities: standards of medical care in diabetes—2019. Diabetes care, 42(Supplement 1), S34-S45.(Tina Jones Individualized Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Plan of Care)
American Diabetes Association. (2019). Standards of medical care in diabetes—2019 abridged for primary care providers. Clinical Diabetes, 37(1), 11-34.(Tina Jones Individualized Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Plan of Care)
Asif, M. (2014). The prevention and control of type-2 diabetes by changing lifestyle and dietary patterns. Journal of education and health promotion, 3.(Tina Jones Individualized Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Plan of Care)
Chrvala, C. A., Sherr, D., & Lipman, R. D. (2016). Diabetes self-management education for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review of the effect on glycemic control. Patient education and counseling, 99(6), 926-943.
Dall, T. M., Yang, W., Halder, P., Franz, J., Byrne, E., Semilla, A. P., & Stuart, B. (2016). Type 2 diabetes detection and management among insured adults. Population health metrics, 14(1), 43.(Tina Jones Individualized Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Plan of Care)
Holton, S., Hammarberg, K., & Johnson, L. (2018). Fertility concerns and related information needs and preferences of women with PCOS. Human reproduction open, 2018(4), hoy019.(Tina Jones Individualized Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Plan of Care)
Lee, K. H., & Lee, H. S. (2019). Hypertension and diabetes mellitus as risk factors for asthma in Korean adults: the Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. International health.
Rakinson, S., Pillay, B. J., & Sibanda, W. (2017). Social support and coping in adults with type 2 diabetes. African journal of primary health care & family medicine, 9(1), 1-8.
Serrano, V., Rodriguez‐Gutierrez, R., Hargraves, I., Gionfriddo, M. R., Tamhane, S., & Montori, V. M. (2016). Shared decision‐making in the care of individuals with diabetes. Diabetic Medicine, 33(6), 742-751.
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