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Nancy Abongwa

Week 1 Main Discussion

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Week 1 Main Discussion

 

Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy is a process by which emotional and mental health-related problems are treated through communication and relationship factors between an individual and a trained mental health professional (Seow et al., 2021). Psychotherapy has shown clear evidence to be effective in treating individuals with mental health issues through understanding human behaviors. Does psychotherapy have an impact on receptors or neurotransmitters, like in the case of psychopharmacology? Research has shown that, at present, no evidence exists of the neurogenetic mechanisms underlying these neural models. While are some ideas of what happens in the brain during psychotherapy, little is known about the molecular biology of these processes or the “dialog between genes and synapses.” The mechanism whereby psychotherapy achieves its effect is highly likely different for genetically distinguishable groups of individuals (Jiménez et al., 2018). Psychotherapy focuses on relieving psychic suffering through the ability to maintain stable and productive interpersonal relationships that promote physical and emotional health within the social environment in which the individual develops (Jiménez et al., 2018).

 

Culture, Religion, and Socioeconomic Influence of Psychotherapy Treatment

In nursing, culture, religion, and socioeconomic factors are essential in treating patients. Cultural beliefs can influence the patient’s response to treatment, especially as there is still much stigmatization surrounding mental health. In most African nations, there is a long history of practices based on cultural beliefs firmly rooted in indigenous knowledge. Knowledge acquired from traditional healing is used in identifying and healing mental health conditions (MHCs). Traditional healing practice may involve using herbs, farm produce, or verbal incantations and sacrificial activities with animals to invoke the spirit that heals MHCs (Jidong et al., 2021). So one may not be open to discussing his/her problems with a practitioner if they believe in other means of treatment. As advanced practitioners, we should understand how a patient’s beliefs can affect how they respond to treatment and how we interact with them. Research has shown that individuals have found a relationship between spirituality and positive psychological functioning, such as having a higher purpose in life and greater life satisfaction and well-being, all of which promote positive health (Kim et al., 2019). A person’s socioeconomic status can influence their perspective on psychological treatments. Those with limited financial resources will not seek care compared to individuals with all the financial resources available. Individuals with lower socioeconomic status will instead spend their resources on other necessities than seeking mental health services. 

 

Legal and Ethical Considerations

Individual therapy is the personal interaction between patient and provider without fear of others listening or interrupting. Group therapy is a supportive network of people with similar problems, and family therapy involves family members seen together in treatment focusing on the family system (Lebow, 2022). One similarity in the above three therapies is the aspect of respect, safety, and privacy. The legal and ethical considerations that will differ from group/family therapy to that individual therapy is the risk of confidentiality. In group therapy, how can providers protect the information of all members without disclosing any protective information? Providers can protect some of this information through education; however, they will not be guaranteed complete privacy over people’s information. 

 

References

Jidong, D. E., Bailey, D., Sodi, T., Gibson, L., Sawadogo, N., Ikhile, D., Musoke, D., Madhombiro, M., & Mbah, M. (2021). Nigerian cultural beliefs about mental health conditions and traditional healing: a qualitative study. Journal of Mental Health Training, Education & Practice16(4), 285–299.https://doi.org/10.1108/JMHTEP-08-2020-0057

Juan P. Jiménez, Alberto Botto, Luisa Herrera, Caroline Leighton, José L. Rossi, Yamil Quevedo, Jaime R. Silva, Felipe Martínez, Rodrigo Assar, Luis A. Salazar, Manuel Ortiz, Ulises Ríos, Paulina Barros, Karina Jaramillo, & Patrick Luyten. (2018). Psychotherapy and Genetic Neuroscience: An Emerging Dialog. Frontiers in Genetics9.https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2018.00257

Kim, E. E., Chen, E. C., & Brachfeld, C. (2019). Patients’ experience of spirituality and change in individual psychotherapy at a Christian counseling clinic: A grounded theory analysis. Spirituality in Clinical Practice6(2), 110–123.https://doi.org/10.1037/scp0000176

Lebow, J. (2022). Overview of psychotherapies. Retrieved fromhttps://www.uptodate.com/contents/overview-of-psychotherapies?search=psychotherapy&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=1#H158682519

Seow, L. S. E., Sambasivam, R., Chang, S., Subramaniam, M., Lu, H. S., Assudani, H. A., Tan, C.-Y. G., & Vaingankar, J. A. (2021). A qualitative approach to understanding the holistic experience of psychotherapy among clients. Frontiers in Psychology12.https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.667303Lebow.pdfSeow et al.pdfJuan et al.pdfJidon et al.pdfKim et al.pdf