In this assignment, you will identify the various threats to the validity of a proposed research topic.
Select a topic related to public health care from the following:
I intend to research existing social health disparities on different diseases. Health disparity refers to scenarios where specific diseases or infections burden a particular demographic group in society compared to others. My research focuses on health disparity in patients suffering from chronic diseases. I will particularly research the burden of chronic diseases on African Americans compared to other ethnic groups. Chronic diseases refer to health complications that routinely affect people over a long period. Routine visits to health care institutions characterize the diseases. Also, several chronic diseases have long term treatment regime characterized by daily medication for the rest of an individual’s life. While chronic diseases are known to affect the general population, its burden is more felt by people of color. My research topic, “Health disparity: A look at the difference in chronic disease prevalence in African Americans and other racial groups,” seeks to investigate disease disparities in the society.(Threats to Research Validity)
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I chose this topic since I see the findings to be significant in informing health care policymakers of the right measures to take to help groups burdened by chronic diseases. According to Robinson et al. (2020), the number of people of color suffering from chronic diseases is higher than whites. Similarly, more people of color die from chronic infections compared to whites. An excellent example of health disparity in chronic illnesses is illustrated by findings showing that African Americans are more likely to be diagnosed with cancer than any other group. Whites are considered as the lowest ethnic group diagnosed with cancer.(Threats to Research Validity)
The research seeks to answer the following questions.
Are chronic diseases more prevalent in particular races compared to others?
Are African Americans more vulnerable to chronic illnesses compared to individuals from other races?
What are the factors that contribute to racial health disparity in chronic infections?
A quantitative approach design will be used in this research. Likewise, the study will be descriptive since it seeks to provide information on racial health disparity for chronic diseases. In this case, the research will describe whether and why racial health disparity exists in chronic diseases. The study will rely on secondary data to make its findings. Stratified sampling will be used in selecting different secondary materials to be used as sources of information covered. The data sources will be grouped into different categories, such as the form of data and type of chronic infection. Sample readings will then be taken from each subgroup to be used for the research. Univariate analysis strategies such as data dispersion, distribution, and measures of central tendencies will be used to infer meaning from the data.(Threats to Research Validity)
Several threats to validity can affect my research, thus making its credibility doubted. Research findings have portrayed an actual representation of the phenomenon being investigated for it to be valid. The validity of research is either considered internal or external. Internal validity arises from weaknesses in the study’s design. It focuses on the research’s ability to support its claims. One threat to my research, as highlighted by its design, is statistical regression.
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The threat is influenced by the characteristics of data used for research purposes, not fitting its design. Another threat to my research’s validity is subject selection. Researches outcome could be perceived as invalid if there was bias in its design, thus demanding fair selection of data samples and participants. The threat of experimental mortality emerges when findings are inferred from only a few of the samples or participants instead of using the entire set.(Threats to Research Validity)
External validity, on the other hand, refers to the generality of the research findings. A research design becomes valid if its findings can explain the investigated phenomenon for the broader population. External validity is threatened by sampling bias, which occurs when the research sample does not provide a general view of the population being studied (Mohajan, 2017). The threat of history can occur when another thing not being studied affects the final findings. Another threat to my external validity is the situation effectively. The threat occurs when different situations interfere with the actual research leading to answers that do not reveal a generalized nature of the findings. For instance, the researcher is distracted by other events, thus losing focus on the project.(Threats to Research Validity)
I will use different strategies to minimize the occurrence of the identified threats to my research validity. I intend to use secondary sources of data whose information can be perceived as representing populations being studied. The strategy will lower the occurrence of statistical regression and sampling bias. Likewise, stratified sampling will depict a general look at the different factors that represent the population of people with chronic illnesses, thus removing the threat of focusing on particular subjects and experimental mortality (Muneer et al. 2017). Moreover, I intend to undertake the research when I am free of any other obligations. The opportunity will allow me to attend to the project without any interference, thus minimizing the situation effect threat to validity.(Threats to Research Validity)
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Threats to Research Validity
The following is my research plan
Determining the research question
“Health disparity: A look at the difference in chronic disease prevalence in African Americans and other racial groups
Hypothesis formulation
African Americans have higher cases of chronic diseases than whites
Identifying research aims and objectives
To determine the prevalence of chronic diseases among African Americans and Whites
To establish factors that cause differences in the racial prevalence of chronic diseases
Identifying the research design(Threats to Research Validity)
The quantitative design will be used to reveal data about chronic disease cases between African Americans and Whites. Libraries, scholarly sites, and data from health care agencies to be used for data collection. Analysis tools for descriptive data to be used to infer meaning, for instance, SPSS 27
References
Mohajan, H. K. (2017). Two criteria for good measurements in research: Validity and reliability. Annals of Spiru Haret University. Economic Series, 17(4), 59-82.
Muneer, S., Shabbir, J., & Khalil, A. (2017). Estimation of finite population means in simple random sampling and stratified random sampling using two auxiliary variables. Communications in Statistics-Theory and Methods, 46(5), 2181-2192.
Robinson, M. A., Kim, I., Mowbray, O., & Washington, T. (2020). The Effects of Hopelessness on Chronic Disease Among African Americans and Caribbean Blacks: Findings from the National Survey of American Life (NSAL). Community Mental Health Journal, 1-7.(Threats to Research Validity)
Question – Threats to Research Validity
In this assignment, you will identify the various threats to the validity of a proposed research topic.
Select a topic related to public health care from the following:
Health disparities: Chronic diseases
Environmental health(Threats to Research Validity)
Impact of infectious diseases on public health
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Threats to Research Validity
Using the Online Library or the Internet, conduct a literature review on your chosen topic. Based on your review, create a 3- to 4-page Microsoft Word document that includes:(Threats to Research Validity)
A list of topic that you have selected and provide a rationale for your choice.
At least three specific research questions (hypotheses) on which your research proposal will be based.
The research method for your research proposal. Your research method should explain how you intend to obtain your results, including information on the type of research and sampling plan.
The different types of threats to validity and a brief explanation of the threats that are appropriate for your research design.(Threats to Research Validity)
Specify strategies for minimizing the identified threats to validity.
A project plan with a detailed equipment list.
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